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As long as humans exist, the pursuit of longevity will never stop. |
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2016年 |
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Before fully understanding the key determinants of human life span, it is not appropriate to hastily declare that human life expectancy can be greatly extended or cannot be extended based on some cognitive speculation. Human life span is a complex structure. It is subject to multiple factors, multiple signals, and multiple levels of constraints and involvement. Life span is a measure of life. The attributes of life formation, evolution and development determine the attributes of life span. As long as the human life environment still exists, the fluctuation of life will inevitably promote the positive or negative changes in life span. As of today, although human beings’ understanding and knowledge of themselves lag far behind their understanding of the living environment, humans are advanced after all, with positive awareness and ability to seek benefits and avoid risks. Human beings will not push themselves into the situation of genocide, and their life span will naturally not fall into a negative trend. Since the 20th century, human life expectancy has been growing in a pulsating manner. In the past decade, due to the influence of many visible factors, the growth of life expectancy in some wealthy countries has slowed down, and a few countries have slightly declined. Analyzing the United Nations population statistics, this situation is very obvious: it is a few, wealthy countries, not all countries, not the entire human race. I believe that in any research, apart from speculation, no one can strongly provide real evidence to prove that human life expectancy cannot be increased. It is reasonable for humans to pursue life extension and live longer. It has been an untiring wish from ancient times to the present, from emperors and nobles to ordinary people. Disappointingly, this pursuit has not left much achievements in the past thousands of years. What really brings some hope to people is the things that happened in the past decade of this century. This, as most people know, refers to the research that rapamycin can extend the life of mice. The discovery of the "Rapamycin Miracle" has inspired humans to pursue a radical and practical way to extend life. People's hopeful efforts have promoted various forms of research on delaying aging and extending life on a global scale. In addition to high-end technical methods such as cell reprogramming and cell dynamic correction, lifestyle adjustments that are easier to implement, such as calorie restriction, methionine restriction (including isoleucine restriction), and intermittent fasting, have been widely accepted. Of course, the most popular is the use of many supplements that interfere with aging. According to limited statistics, there are as many as two or three hundred drugs and supplements that are highly regarded by research institutions and have been recognized as having anti-aging effects and can extend life. Even through selection, elimination, confirmation and matching with serious research papers, and in low-end imitation experiments, there are still more than 30 relatively effective ones. It can be seen that human desire to extend life has turned into an unstoppable force to promote the progress of science. No matter how tortuous and difficult the process is, once it starts, it will definitely go on firmly. Of course, science must return to science after all. Whether a variety of technical methods and dozens of anti-aging substances can achieve the desire to extend human life must withstand the real verification of the human body. However, the problem lies precisely in this critical point. Dozens of substances that have indeed extended lifespan in mice have not shown the effect of extending lifespan in real human contact experiments, and the eager expectations have turned into a kind of disappointment. Most people are puzzled, and some researchers are also confused. Where is the problem? Are all the drugs wrong? Is human lifespan really constant and cannot be extended? Things do not seem to be like that. Most of the drugs that have been discovered, although the effects are extremely different, at least have no negative effects on human lifespan. As for whether human lifespan can be extended or whether it has reached its peak. Don't believe such claims. Taking a step back, even if our efforts today do not extend lifespan, humans who do not want to trap the earth to death will always find a way to extend the lifespan of their own race. Trapping lifespan is equivalent to genocide. As for the reasons for the failure of some current human trials, generally speaking, it may involve the following aspects; (I) Humans are not mice. The size of humans is nearly 3,000 times that of mice. If a drug is tested on mice and is effective, it is unlikely to have the same effect on humans without careful testing. This is like dropping a drop of watercolor in a small teacup and dropping a drop of watercolor in a large pool. The effects are completely different. Not only that, although the differences between mouse genes and human genes are mainly manifested in specific genes and specific genomic regions, these specific genes also lead to special differences in the physiological functions of mice and humans. Especially in terms of metabolic stability, the frequent fluctuations make mice respond significantly to external interventions. Before leaving the mother's body, humans receive both developmental initiation and developmental restriction to maintain a stable life, and external interventions will be strongly resisted. This situation leads to certain successes in mice. When it comes to humans, it is normal to have some deviations or complete failures due to drug dosage, duration of use and other methods. (II) Another reason is that human life span operates under multiple influences, including ERK, AMPK, IGF1-insulin molecular pathways and mTORC1. Although the channels focus on different directions, their terminal operations are still synergistic. Since the synergy promotes vitality, in order to reverse its habitual operation, brake the speed of operation, and brake aging, each channel must be activated. Relying on rapamycin alone, only on mTORC1, it is difficult to touch the lifespan protected by various mechanisms under the involvement of complex and multi-directional forces. Here, the conclusion is that you should not expect one drug to extend your lifespan. Try to use multiple drugs and drug combinations to touch various signal channels to maximize the benefits of drug intervention. (III) The drugs and supplements that are currently recognized to have the ability to interfere with life span vary greatly in effectiveness and properties. Some drugs and supplements can be absorbed in the stomach and intestines, but most still need to enter the liver and be distributed to various organs through the blood before they can play a role. The absorption of foreign drugs by the human body is not as simple as we think. In addition to being affected by drug concentration, transmembrane transport diffusion rate, drug molecular weight, organ blood flow and body fluid HP physical and chemical properties, drugs are also catalyzed by multiple metabolic enzymes during the operation process, and multiple types of chemical reactions occur. Many people do not know that among the dozens of supplements and drugs currently confirmed, some have a half-life of several hours (such as rapamycin 62 hours. AMPK 6 hours), some are several days (such as spermidine 42 days), and some supplements have a half-life of only a few minutes (such as AKG only 5 minutes, glycine 26 minutes). This is a very tricky situation, and it must be sorted out through reasonable sorting. Otherwise, some drugs will not play any role at all. Moreover, in the human body, 99% of the non-genetic parts of DNA have gene switches. Carried by the development and protection mechanism given by the "liquid of life" - amniotic fluid, genes are in a closed state most of the time. How to turn on the relevant genes and make them accept is still an unclear issue. What can be done now is to accurately use the continuous and intermittent alternating methods to make the interfering lifespan substances passively adapt and cover the gene opening state. According to the experience of some researchers, using a method similar to the "medicine lead" of traditional Chinese medicine, taking certain inducers one hour in advance, such as zinc, more than 80% chocolate, white veratrum or pterostilbene, will help the absorption of lifespan interfering substances. (IV) Taking drugs and supplements to interfere with lifespan will not be as fast and effective as taking injections and taking medicine to treat colds. Lifespan is restricted by many factors, especially genetic factors, which is a very resilient and powerful force. The intervention in lifespan that humans can currently implement is still in the exploratory stage. Not only are the interfering drugs and supplements used still very elementary, but even the intervention points and paths are not completely clear. This means that implementing lifespan intervention is bound to be a long and protracted process. It is most beneficial to start taking action at the age of 55 to 60, and the continuous use period from the age of 70 to 75 is relatively long. Furthermore, intervention in aging and lifespan must be combined with a healthy lifestyle. This includes eating a lighter diet, walking around regularly, and so on. Another very important point is to be full of hope and confidence in extending lifespan. Belief is not a drug, but it is a high-level environment for the implementation of the drug. Even for those who do not implement lifespan extension intervention, their hope and willpower will also enable them to obtain a longer lifespan than others. The above points are intended to explain why some clinical intervention lifespan treatments are ineffective. It is difficult to estimate what the actual situation is. However, one thing is clear, there is no problem that human lifespan cannot be extended, that is, there is no peak to speak of. As for the reason, to put it bluntly, it is that at present, even what determines human lifespan has not been figured out, and it is claimed that human lifespan cannot be extended. Isn’t that a bit too speculative? Of course, having said that, some people believe that human life span has reached its peak and cannot be extended any further. This is also a kind of research, a view, and a way of thinking. There is no question of right or wrong. We emphasize that human life span can be extended in order to give people some hope and more confidence to thousands of researchers around the world. If human life span is frozen in these few short decades, it means extinction. Extending life span is a heavyweight behavior for humans to cope with the continuous deterioration of the earth's environment, strive to move towards a new living environment, and continue the survival of the human race. As long as humans exist, efforts to extend life span will not end.
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